simpson



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

J. H. SIMPSON. ART OF MAKING TURN BUOKLES.

Patented Aug. 27 1889.

x v i a 1 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 J. H. SIMPSON.

K N BUGKLES.

according to my'invention. view thereof. Fig. 3 is a plan view of one of UNITED STATES JAMES H. SIMPSON, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO CARNEGIE,

PATENT OFFICE.

PI-IIPPS & 00., (LIMITEDJ or SAME PLACE.

ART OF MAKING: TURN-BUCKLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 410,123, dated August 27, 1889.

Application filed May 6, 1889. Serial No. 309,6 84- (No model.)

T0 at whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JAMES H. SIMPSON, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Art of Making Turn-Buckles, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view illustrating the blank from which aturn-buckle may be made Fig. 2 is an end the dies which I use in the manufacture of the turn-buckle. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the same in connection with the end mandrels or tongues which are used to shape and compress the nuts or ends of the turn-buckle, the turn-buckle being shown thereon in longitudinal section. Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line as root Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a vertical crosssection on the line 3 y of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a plan view, and Fig. 8 is a side view, of the finished turn-buckle.

Like symbols of reference indicate like parts in each. I

In practicing the method of manufacture I first form a blank comprising side pieces, which constitute the straps of the turn-buckle, and end pieces, which form the heads or nuts, and place such blanks between lateral dies, which grasp and hold the same firmly, closing in upon the blank, so that their faces shall fit neatly together. These side dies are not designed of themselves to exert any substantially forging or shaping action on the blank, but simply to close in upon and to hold the same, the forging and shaping being performed by end dies which enter cavities of the side dies, engage the ends of the blank and force the same inwardly, so as to displace the metal of the blank and to cause it to fill the die-cavity and to assume accurately the shape thereof. For this purpose the blank is originally formed preferably of somewhat less cross-sectional area than the die-cavity, or at least of no larger cr0ss'-sec tion. The result of such method of manufacture, as distinguished from a method in which the blank is reduced and shaped by lateral action of the dies, is that the turnbuckle is formed without fins, no metal is wasted, and the subsequent side finishing or dressing necessary when lateral fins are formed on the blank may be dispensed with.

In the practice of my method the blank may be formed in any of the modes heretofore known in the art; but for the sake of more clearly illustrating my invention I have shown in the drawings a form of blank which is described in a prior patent application, Serial No. 285,505, filed October 8, 1888, and I shall describe my present invention as regards its application to such blank. I first form a compound blank of the sort shown in Figs. 1 and 2, which iscomposed of two pieces 3 of iron, preferably of the shape in crosssection and about the desired length of the straps of the finished buckle, and shape them into the form shown in Fig. 1, so that when placed together, as shown in that figure, their ends shall be in contact and their middle portions spread out from each other, though the last-named feature is not essential, as the strap-pieces may be made substantially parallel and spread after they have been united at the ends, as hereinafter described. The ends of the strap-pieces are then confined to gether by bands or rings 2, which are placed over these ends, and are preferably of suflicient length to project beyond the same. These bands or rings may consist of strips of metal scarfed at the ends and bent round into annular form, the scarfed. ends being adapted to be subsequently united in the shaping and welding of the turn-buckle; or the bands may consist of rings or sections of tubing completely welded before they are put on the strap-pieces. The material of which the bands are made is preferably scarfed at the shoulders of the strap-pieces 3 and to the end, as at b, to conform to the shape of y ing and operating on the blank laterally, and two mandrels and compressing-dies, which operate on the blank at the ends and reduce it to its finished shape. There are two dies 4: 4, which act on the sides of the blank. These. are provided with cavities shaped conformably to the shape of the finished buckle, having end cavities open externally for the nuts of the buckle.

6 6 are the plungers which carry the dies used to shape the heads or nuts of the buckle. These plungers carry at their ends tongues or compressing-mandrels 7, which are adapted to enter the bands 2 within the end cavities of the dies 4., and atv their bases are annular collars 8, which also enter the end cavities of the dies and engage the outer extremities of the bands,

The plungers (S are actuated by cams, sliding wedges, or any other convenient power devices.

As shown in Fig. 6, the dies meet when closed together upon the blank, and the original cross-section of the parts of the blank (as shown by dotted lines in said figure) is no larger and is preferably somewhat smaller than the cross-section of the corresponding portions of the die-cavity.

The operation is as follows: The compound blank, at a welding heat, is placed between the dies 4 4. These dies are actuated so as to cause them to compress the interposed blank, and the plungers 6 6 are actuated so that the tongues 7 shall enter the cavities at the ends of these dies and shall engage the extremities of the strap-pieces 3, while the collars 8 engage the extremities of the bands 2. The end compression of thesetongues and collars forces the bands inwardly on the strappieces, welding them securely thereto, and forces the hot metal of the bands and of the ends of the strap-pieces into the lateral recesses of the end cavities of the dies, thus giving the ends of the buckle their proper shape and forming shoulders thereon, which impart great strength to the finished article; and the end compression also exerted upon the straps causes the hot material thereof to flow out laterally and to fill the die-cavity, thus bringing them to the exact shape required, the dies 4 meanwhile holding the blank firmly and supplying the necessary resistance to the end compression. By these means the buckle is formed without lateral fins at the partings of the dies, the manufacture is cheapened, and a strong and shapely article is obtained.

I claim' An improvement in the manufacture of turn-buckles, which consists in forming a blank having side pieces and end pieces, eonfining the blank in a die the cavity of which is closed laterally, and subjecting the blank to end compression, whereby the material of the side pieces and end pieces of the blank is upset or compressed and is caused to fill accurately the cavity of the die, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 2d day of May, A. D. 1889.

JAMES H. SIMPSON.

Witnesses:

THOMAS 'W. BAKEWELL, W. B. CoRwIN. 

